speedtest-cli is the terminal answer every Linux admin reaches for when a link feels slow. Speedtest.net has started rejecting the tool’s plain-HTTP calls with an HTTP 403, and the flag that fixes it is worth knowing before the next outage. Each command below shows a fresh install: a pip install into a venv for the
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I checked Ubuntu’s service ownership and the read-only interface, route, and resolver commands before writing this guide. You get the matching command for NetworkManager, systemd-networkd, Netplan, or one interface, followed by checks that show whether the route and DNS returned too. Why Ubuntu has more than one networking restart path Ubuntu 24.04.4 LTS, also called
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Raspberry Pi Foundation does not support upgrading Raspberry Pi OS in place, so the supported answer is a clean flash. That trade is wrong when the Pi you are holding has a year of configured services on it. Here is the Bookworm to Trixie path end to end: the archive keyring that has to be
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If you run ls -lh and wonder why every directory shows 4.0K, you are looking at the directory entry itself, not what lives inside the tree. du reads what is underneath. Why ls cannot sort directories by size ls reads directory metadata, so ls -S sorts regular files correctly while directories stay at their inode
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A port is only open when a process is listening on it. Here you will list every listening socket, see which process holds it, and check if it is reachable from outside. What “open port” actually means on Linux An open port is a port number with a process in LISTEN state on an IP
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You run ls, see old_project, and you want it to be new_project without touching the files inside. Linux has no standalone rename step for directories, so you reuse the move operation with a new name, which means a single mv call does the rename in place. How renaming works on Linux Renaming a directory does
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Plug in a USB stick on Linux and nothing opens, which is normal on servers and minimal desktops. You need to attach its partition to a folder before you can read or write files. You mount a USB drive by hand in the terminal, so you control the mount point, the filesystem options, and the
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Secure boot on a Windows PC blocks any bootloader without a trusted signature, and that stops plenty of Linux installers cold. To disable secure boot and install Linux, you first open the UEFI firmware settings from Windows, then flip the toggle inside it. This guide covers both ways into firmware, the actual toggle for popular
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A linux audiobook player needs to do things a regular music app never bothers with, like remembering chapter position across hundreds of minutes and sorting titles by reader instead of artist. VLC and MPV play the files fine, but neither treats an audiobook as a book. Cozy fills that gap on the Linux desktop, and
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sshoot is used, along with sshuttle, to manage multiple sshuttle VPN sessions through the command line interface. sshuttle allows us to create a VPN connection from your machine to any remote server that you can connect to via ssh, as long as that server has python 3.8 or higher. To work, we must have root
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